Summary
Successful exploitation of these vulnerabilities could allow attackers to impersonate charging stations, hijack sessions, suppress or misroute legitimate traffic to cause large-scale denial of service, and manipulate data sent to the backend.
The following versions of CloudCharge cloudcharge.se are affected:
- cloudcharge.se vers:all/* (CVE-2026-20781, CVE-2026-25114, CVE-2026-27652, CVE-2026-20733)
| CVSS | Vendor | Equipment | Vulnerabilities |
|---|---|---|---|
| v3 9.4 | CloudCharge | CloudCharge cloudcharge.se | Missing Authentication for Critical Function, Improper Restriction of Excessive Authentication Attempts, Insufficient Session Expiration, Insufficiently Protected Credentials |
Background
- Critical Infrastructure Sectors: Energy, Transportation Systems
- Countries/Areas Deployed: Worldwide
- Company Headquarters Location: Sweden
Vulnerabilities
CVE-2026-20781
WebSocket endpoints lack proper authentication mechanisms, enabling attackers to perform unauthorized station impersonation and manipulate data sent to the backend. An unauthenticated attacker can connect to the OCPP WebSocket endpoint using a known or discovered charging station identifier, then issue or receive OCPP commands as a legitimate charger. Given that no authentication is required, this can lead to privilege escalation, unauthorized control of charging infrastructure, and corruption of charging network data reported to the backend.
Affected Products
CloudCharge cloudcharge.se
Vendor:
CloudCharge
Product Version:
CloudCharge cloudcharge.se: vers:all/*
Product Status:
known_affected
Relevant CWE: CWE-306 Missing Authentication for Critical Function
Metrics
CVE-2026-25114
The WebSocket Application Programming Interface lacks restrictions on the number of authentication requests. This absence of rate limiting may allow an attacker to conduct denial-of-service attacks by suppressing or mis-routing legitimate charger telemetry, or conduct brute-force attacks to gain unauthorized access.
Affected Products
CloudCharge cloudcharge.se
Vendor:
CloudCharge
Product Version:
CloudCharge cloudcharge.se: vers:all/*
Product Status:
known_affected
Relevant CWE: CWE-307 Improper Restriction of Excessive Authentication Attempts
Metrics
CVE-2026-27652
The WebSocket backend uses charging station identifiers to uniquely associate sessions but allows multiple endpoints to connect using the same session identifier. This implementation results in predictable session identifiers and enables session hijacking or shadowing, where the most recent connection displaces the legitimate charging station and receives backend commands intended for that station. This vulnerability may allow unauthorized users to authenticate as other users or enable a malicious actor to cause a denial-of-service condition by overwhelming the backend with valid session requests.
Affected Products
CloudCharge cloudcharge.se
Vendor:
CloudCharge
Product Version:
CloudCharge cloudcharge.se: vers:all/*
Product Status:
known_affected
Relevant CWE: CWE-613 Insufficient Session Expiration
Metrics
Acknowledgments
- Khaled Sarieddine and Mohammad Ali Sayed reported these vulnerabilities to CISA
Legal Notice and Terms of Use
This product is provided subject to this Notification (https://www.cisa.gov/notification) and this Privacy & Use policy (https://www.cisa.gov/privacy-policy).
Recommended Practices
CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of these vulnerabilities, such as:
Minimize network exposure for all control system devices and/or systems, ensuring they are not accessible from the Internet.
Locate control system networks and remote devices behind firewalls and isolating them from business networks.
When remote access is required, use more secure methods, such as Virtual Private Networks (VPNs), recognizing VPNs may have vulnerabilities and should be updated to the most current version available. Also recognize VPN is only as secure as the connected devices.
CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.
CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage on cisa.gov/ics. Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.
CISA encourages organizations to implement recommended cybersecurity strategies for proactive defense of ICS assets.
Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov/ics in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B–Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies.
Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.
No known public exploitation specifically targeting these vulnerabilities has been reported to CISA at this time.
Revision History
- Initial Release Date: 2026-02-26
| Date | Revision | Summary |
|---|---|---|
| 2026-02-26 | 1 | Initial Publication |